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On Changing and Differing Types of Bodies and Their Relationships to Their Souls or/and Minds in Western Culture
Jakešová, Markéta ; Ritter, Martin (advisor) ; Morin, Marie-Eve (referee) ; Weidtmann, Niels (referee)
On Changing and Differing Types of Bodies and Their Relationships to Their Souls or/and Minds in Western Culture Markéta Jakešová Abstract: On Changing and Differing Types of Bodies and Their Relationships to Their Souls or/and Minds in Western Culture is a collection of loosely connected chapters that answer the question of how to make Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology more inclusive. The first chapter, devoted to Jean-Luc Nancy, serves as an introduction to the topic of alternative embodiments and the question of the soul in the body. In the following chapters, Merleau-Ponty is confronted with selected authors associated with Actor-Network Theory (ANT). First, the comparison with Bruno Latour shows that the integrity of all beings and entities, including the most privileged humans, is not to be taken for granted. The pathologies in the Phenomenology of Perception and Annemarie Mol's depiction (enactment) of atherosclerosis are then used as an analogy for the inferior status of women in our society, while the fourth chapter shows the empowerment that can grow out of it through an interpretation of Elfriede Jelinek's novel The Piano Teacher. The last two chapters focus on unconventional modes of intersubjectivity and kinships as ways of being in the world. The confrontation with Eduardo Viveiros de Castro...
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Framing of Indonesian Radicalisation Pathways in the Australian news media: A Comparison of Broadsheets and Tabloids
Jung, Hansol ; Conway, Maura (advisor) ; Prina, Federica (referee) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
This study examines how radicalisation in Indonesia is treated in the Australian press. Radicalisation is widely defined as a dramatic shift in the belief system of an individual or a group, denial of democratic means, and justifying the use of violence to achieve the political aims in this paper. Although there are various types and drivers of radicalisation, the researcher limited this research to identifying the framing of six pathways of Islamic radicalisation in Indonesia identified by Hwang and Schulze and Idris. For this purpose, 301 articles from selected Australian broadsheets and tabloids, dating up to 8 May 2020, were collected. Using quantitative and qualitative content analysis to generate the frequency of terms and metaphors used to describe radicalisation pathways in Indonesia, the study finds that the securitising and stigmatising frames are mainly employed in the Australian press in portrayal of radicalisation in Indonesia. In addition, the study explores the different style of coverage employed in Australian broadsheets and tabloids. Before conducting the comparative study, the researcher surmised that broadsheets will cover radicalisation in Indonesia with neutral tone while tabloids will sensationalise the issue. However, the outcome revealed that the framing employed by...
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Kinship relationships and morphological features of the human skeleton in genealogically documented osteological assemblages: use in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology.
Cvrček, Jan ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Beňuš, Radoslav (referee)
The influence of biological relationships on the morphology of the human skeleton is a current theme in bioarchaeology and forensic research. Whether it is the discovery of kinship relationships in an anonymous cemetery or the question of individual identification based on familial similarity, research is limited by a number of factors. Above all, there is the shortage of osteological assemblages with genealogical documentation. Most such samples also include only a small number of individuals, and thus the number of different degrees of their relatedness is limited. Related to this is the lack or absence of methods suitable for either the exact expression of the degree of morphological similarity between individuals or the statistical evaluation of results. However, for this dissertation an opportunity arose to analyze several osteological assemblages with genealogical documentation from the 17th to 20th centuries, comprising almost one hundred individuals. This represents one of the largest such units in the world to date. The individual samples also include several cases of consanguineous marriages with subsequent generations. The aim of the first part of the dissertation is to propose new methodological approaches to expressing the degree of similarity of individuals based on different types of...
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The Image and Role of the Grandmother in the Czech Family since the Second Half of the 20th Century. An Example of Three Generations from Eastern Bohemia
Čepilová, Tereza ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Kubátová, Helena (referee) ; Kreisslová, Sandra (referee)
The dissertation deals with contemporary reflection of the role of grandmother and the changes of this role since the second half of the 20th century. The topic of the grandparenthood has been dealt mainly in the present perspective in the Czech sociology so far. The aim of the dissertation is to bring a deeper insight into the role of grandmother and to better understand the relationships stemming from the role. The historical-sociological approach which understands the role of grandmother as space-time conditioned is chosen to achieve the goal of the dissertation. The dissertation is specific by less usual view of the role of grandmother from the viewpoint of the grandchild. Individuals from three different family generations are put in this viewpoint. It allows to observe the image of the role of grandmother and its changes in the observed period of time. The goal of the dissertation is to answer three research questions: How has the role of grandmother changed on the basis of narrations of three family generations? What idea of the contemporary role of grandmother have three family generations? Which factors shape the performance of the role of grandmother in the view of the older generations? The dissertation is based on the research using semi-structured interviews and the issue is presented...
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Pentecostalism among Czech and Slovak Roma: The religiosity of Roma and the practices of inclusion of the Roma in the brotherhood in salvation. Autonomy and Conversions among Roma in Márov
Ripka, Štěpán ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Hrustič, Tomáš (referee) ; Ukah, Asonzeh (referee)
The aim of my thesis is to discuss the possible uses of the concept of autonomy in the study of conversions of Roma to Charismatic/Pentecostal Christianity. Focus on empowerment and social inclusion has been prevailing in the field, and critical reflection of questions of governance and oppression is lacking. I use the thesis by Patrick Williams (1987; 1991; 1993a), according to whom the French Gypsies who converted to Pentecostalism achieved autonomy or at least a sense of autonomy, which allowed them to downplay the role of structural factors and other people behind their actions. Through a case study from ethnographic fieldwork in a Romani Charismatic congregation in Western Bohemia I extend and refine the concept. The main theoretical innovations come from the contemporary moral philosophy, especially the theory of autonomy (of the oppressed) by Christman (2014) who defines autonomy as a reflexive affirmation of an assumed practical identity, a "life worth living". The story which missionaries in Márov, the place of my fieldwork, put forward, was that Roma converted from being pimps and drug dealers. The empirical realities and narratives about the change cast doubt on the easy account of radical change through the religion. Based on a detailed focus on conversion of one former drug addict I...
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Parenthood of Two Women
Ulrichová, Eva ; Hrešanová, Ema (advisor) ; Kozubík, Jan (referee)
This paper focuses on parenthood and raising children by same-sex couples in the view of non- heterosexual women in the Czech Republic, and especially their reproductive options, opinions and references. This research aims to find out what makes non-heterosexual women to decide whether or not to raise a child, what kind of reproductive techniques they prefer and how to raise a child within relationship. This research also aims to find out the division of roles in the female same-sex family, especially what aspects led to the division roles in the household. Thesis uses qualitative research, concretely based on in-depth semi-structural interviews with seven non-heterosexual women. Using a thematic analysis, I identified five key themes: origin, surroundings, preferences of reproducing options, homoparental families and fostering preferences. This research points to crucial impact of a family, job and money towards a decision to raise a child. Next important point is desire of motherhood. Women identified job and financial situation as a main aspect of the division roles in household. Non-heterosexual women generally preferred the sperm donation out of clinic insemination as the most suitable reproductive technique, in case of complication women approach IVF with fake father. Raising children in homoparental...
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Kinship care from the view of care givers
Krajtlová, Kristýna ; Pazlarová, Hana (advisor) ; Matoušek, Oldřich (referee)
The diploma thesis discusses the issue of kinship foster care, its specifics, strengths and weaknesses. It examines the views of grandparents, aunties, uncles and other relatives on their role in foster care and the children's life. The theoretical part is focused on basic topics in foster care, views on foster care and the development of children living in foster care. The practical part of the thesis is focused on semi-structured interviews with care givers which should tell us facts about their views of foster care, why children are placed in their family, practical problems and help which they need. There are also casuistries of foster care families.
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Choice of perfumes and their interaction with body odour
Gwužďová, Markéta ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Martinec Nováková, Lenka (referee)
The traditional assumption that perfumes are used only for masking of the body odour was doubted by the results of recent researches. In spite of the fact that the biological role of human body odour is very important, it is likely that perfumes are not in conflict with the body odour but there is mutual cooperation. Individuals could choose the scent which goes with their body odour instead of hiding it. In the theoretical part of this thesis I describe a dual inheritance theory, which is a basic concept for our research. We have been concerned with the interaction between biological effects of body odour and social effects of perfumes. Moreover, we have worked on the assumption that the body odour of relatives is similar. We have tested if people are better in their choice of the appropriate perfume for their relatives than for anyone else, in this case partners. Which perfume fits into which body odour was assessed by the independent evaluators of opposite sex because one of the main objectives of chemical signalling is to attract a potential partner. Surprisingly, the results of our research have shown that in the case of couples, the samples of the body odour and perfumes chosen by female partners were slightly better evaluated than the perfumes chosen by men themselves. Moreover, there were...
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